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World primary energy production
World primary energy production is the world-wide production of primary energy from fossil, nuclear and renewable sources. Primary means: extracted or captured directly from natural sources.
Energy sources are usually classified as
- fossil, using coal, lignite, petroleum and natural gas,
- nuclear, using uranium,
- renewable, using hydro power, biomass, wind and solar energy, among others.
The table lists the top 16 countries producing about 70% of the total of all more than 190 countries. These 16 with the 28 countries of the EU produce 78%. The amounts are given in million tonnes of oil equivalent per year (Mtoe/a, 1 Mtoe = 11.63 TWh). The data are of 2012.[1]
Primary energy assesment.[2]
- Fossil: based on net calorific value.
- Nuclear: heat produced by nuclear reactions, 3 times the electric energy, based on 33% efficiency of nuclear plants.
- Renewable: biomass based on net calorific value. Electric energy produced by hydro power, wind turbines and solar panels.[3] Geothermal heat used in power plants is set at 10 times the electric energy, assuming 10% efficiency.
Table
| Total Mtoe/a |
Fossil | Nuclear | Renewable | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WORLD | 13460 | 82% | 5% | 13% |
| China | 2525 | 86% | 1% | 13% |
| United States | 1806 | 80% | 12% | 8% |
| Russia | 1332 | 95% | 3% | 2% |
| European Union | 799 | 47% | 29% | 24% |
| Saudi Arabia | 625 | 100% | 0 | 0 |
| India | 545 | 62% | 2% | 36% |
| Indonesia | 440 | 83% | 0 | 17% |
| Canada | 420 | 83% | 6% | 11% |
| Iran | 303 | 99% | 0 | 1% |
| Nigeria | 272 | 60% | 0 | 40% |
| Brazil | 252 | 64% | 34% | 2% |
| Qatar | 220 | 100% | 0 | 0 |
| Mexico | 219 | 91% | 1% | 8% |
| Norway | 200 | 93% | 0 | 7% |
| Venezuela | 200 | 96% | 0 | 4% |
| Arab Emirates | 194 | 100% | 0 | 0 |
| Kuwait | 173 | 100% | 0 | 0 |
Kuwait, Norway and Qatar export more than 80% of energy production, Saudi Arabia and Arab Emirates more than 70%.
See also
World energy final consumption
Notes and references
- ↑ IEA Statistics search, Balances
- ↑ IEA Statistics manual, chapter 7
- ↑ Water and air flow energy that drives hydro and wind turbines, and sunlight that powers solar panels, are not taken as primary in energy statistics.